Item 8

Item 8

Modal verbs with Perfect Tense

Modal verb + have F4                 (Active voice)

Modal verb + have been F4         (Passive voice)

can/ could

may / might

shall/ should  have F4 / have been F4

will/ would

must

ought to

[Tom] could have broken (the window panes) as he was playing ball here just now.

[The window panes] could have been broken by Tom………….

Someone might have stolen (Hassan’s old bicycle).

[Hassan’s old bicycle] might have been stolen by someone.

[Henry] should not have said (such things) in public.

                      ~~

[Such things] should not have been said in public by Henry.

***shall /will have F4 / have been F4  -----Future Perfect Tense

[Tina] must have told (Tita) about the incidence.

[Tita] must have been told about the incidence by Tina. 

[Yoyo] should have cleared up the mess. 

[The mess] should have been cleared up by Yoyo.

                                                       &

[Joyce] ought to have kept (the secret) for Peter.

[The secret] ought to have been kept by Joyce for Peter.

&:  adverbial particle associated with the verbs:  get up,  clear up, wake up,

    back up, put up, put on, take off,